Facial pain, particularly that associated with trigeminal neuralgia, is most commonly caused by a malfunction in the trigeminal nerve, which is the primary nerve responsible for sensations in the face. While the exact cause may vary, often it can be attributed to a blood vessel pressing against the nerve, leading to severe, sharp facial pain. Rarely, other causes such as a tumour or nerve damage due to disease can also contribute to facial pain. Treatment is often sought for this condition.
What are the common symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia?
Trigeminal neuralgia presents with several characteristic symptoms. The most prominent one is a sudden, severe, sharp or stabbing facial pain. The pain often occurs in bouts and may be triggered by everyday activities like talking, eating, brushing teeth, or even a gentle breeze. The attacks may last from a few seconds to a few minutes, and they can occur repeatedly throughout the day. In some cases, patients may also experience a burning sensation or numbness in the face. Treatment is usually required to combat the intense discomfort associated with this condition.
What is the treatment for trigeminal neuralgia?
Treatment for trigeminal neuralgia aims to relieve the symptoms and manage the pain. The standard first-line treatment is medication management, including drugs such as carbamazepine, gabapentin, or pregabalin. These medications help in reducing the nerve’s response, thus relieving pain.
However, if medication fails to provide relief or causes significant side effects, other treatments such as Radiofrequency Ablation may be considered. This treatment involves inserting a special needle into the trigeminal ganglion and using radiofrequency energy to create heat, which destroys the painful division of the trigeminal nerve.
For cases where trigeminal neuralgia is caused by a blood vessel or tumour pressing on the nerve, referral to a neurosurgeon is needed. They may recommend surgical intervention to remove the pressure on the nerve. The choice of treatment depends on the individual’s health, severity of symptoms, and their response to medication. Always consult with a specialist for the best-suited treatment for your condition.